凹槽叶顶冷气射流对涡轮叶尖泄漏流动的影响

涡轮叶尖泄漏流动对涡轮通道内流动损失有着显著影响,叶顶冷气射流对控制叶尖泄漏流动和改善涡轮叶尖气热性能有重要意义。本文利用数值模拟方法,研究了叶顶冷气喷射位置和喷射流量对高压涡轮凹槽叶顶间隙泄漏流动控制的影响。文中重点分析了泄漏流动结构及涡轮气动效率的变化,探讨了冷气对刮削涡这一间隙内主控流动结构演化的影响。研究表明,冷气孔位置的变化对间隙内刮削涡的演化造成了一定影响,但并未造成涡轮整体效率的较大变化;而冷气喷射流量不仅影响到刮削涡结构演化,而且导致了涡轮级效率近0.5%的变化。     

溶剂化金属原子浸渍法制备Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3低温CO氧化催化剂

Nano-particle Pd/γ-Al₂O₃ monometallic and Pd-Cu/γ-Al₂O₃ bimetallic catalysts were prepared by solvated metal atom impregnation (SMAI) method. The results of XRD measurement indicated that Pd- Cu alloy was formed in the bimetallic catalysts and the crystalline particle size of the alloy increased as Cu contents increased with av-erage diameters < 6.0nm for all the samples. XPS and Auger spectra showed that Pd was in zero- valent state, Cu existed mainly in zero- valent state and partially in monovalent state Cu⁺. The Pd/γ-Al₂O₃ and Pd-Cu/γ-Al₂O₃ catalysts exhibited higher activity for CO oxidation at low temperature. The activity of Pd-Cu/γ-Al₂O₃ bimetallic catalyst was higher than that of Pd/γ-Al₂O₃ monometallic catalyst. The Pd-Cu/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst with Pd/Cu atomic ratio of 1∶1 showed the highest activity.     

羟基硅酸镁纳米管负载非晶态Co-B催化环己烯氢甲酰化

采用浸渍化学还原法制备羟基硅酸镁纳米管(MgSNTs)负载非晶态钴硼催化剂(Co-B/MgSNTs)。应用X衍射技术(XRD),透射电子显微镜(TEM),X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS),元素分析(ICP)和比表面积(BET)分析等手段对催化剂进行了表征。研究了催化剂对于环己烯氢甲酰化反应的催化活性及循环使用。研究结果表明,具有高比表面积(250 m2·g-1)、较强耐受性和稳定性的MgSNTs可以有效的分散金属粒子,防止活性中心团聚和流失,催化环己烯的转化率为75.8%,醛的选择性为65.8%,实验重复3次以上,催化剂依然保持良好的催化活性和选择性。     

不同方法掺杂Au对纳米α-Fe2O3气敏性能的影响

分别采用共沉淀法、浸渍法、紫外辐照法制备了掺杂不同Au含量的α-Fe2O3纳米粉体,并制作了旁热式厚膜型气敏元件.用XRD、TG-DTA和TEM技术对纳米晶的晶型、晶粒大小及形貌进行了表征.考察了掺杂方法、Au含量及焙烧温度对α-Fe2O3气敏性能的影响.结果表明,采用三种方法掺杂适量Au后,都使α-Fe2O3的气敏性有了显著提高,其中采用共沉淀法,在400℃焙烧的Au质量分数为1.5%的α-Fe2O3的气敏性最佳.     

The synthesis and crystal structures of new 2-aminomethylbenzimidazole Zinc(II) complexes exhibiting luminescence

Two new blue luminescent Zn(II) complexes, [ZnL₂(H₂O)]Cl₂ · H₂O (1) and [ZnL₂Cl][ZnLCl₂] · NO₃ (2) (L = 2-aminomethylbenzimidazole) have been synthesized and characterized spectroscopically and crystallographically. The structure of complex (1) can be described as a square pyramid. In the complex (2), there are two units [ZnLCl₂] (a), and [ZnL₂Cl]⁺ (b), which have a distorted tetrahedral geometry and a slightly distorted trigonal bipyramidal coordination geometry, respectively. In these complexes, significant multiple inter- and intra-molecular hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking interactions are shown. These contacts lead to aggregation and supramolecular assembly of complexes (1) and (2) into 3D and 2D frameworks, respectively. Fluorescent analysis in the dilute DMF solution and solid state shows that both complexes exhibit intense emission in blue region. They display high blue luminescence quantum efficiency due to a metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) and have a bathochromic shift of the emission energy compared with the free ligand L. The emission intensity of complex (2) is higher than that of complex (1).     

钛酸盐纳米管与二硫化碳修饰钛酸盐纳米管的合成、表征及其去除重金属离子性能

在水热法制备钛酸盐纳米管的基础上, 通过形成黄原酸基反应合成了CS2修饰的钛氧纳米管. 采用粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)和拉曼光谱(Raman)等技术对产物进行了表征. 以水溶液中铅离子、铜离子和银离子作为目标重金属离子, 分别用纯钛酸盐纳米管和CS2修饰后的钛氧纳米管对其进行反应和吸附, 通过一系列对比性实验, 评价了不同形式纳米管去除重金属的能力. 实验结果表明, 与文献报道的吸附剂对重金属离子的吸附量相比, 纯钛酸盐纳米管和CS2修饰的钛氧纳米管吸附重金属离子的容量非常大, 尤其是经CS2修饰后的钛氧纳米管去除铅离子的能力明显增强, 它们去除重金属离子的能力还与重金属盐的阴离子、溶液的pH值相关. 在相同的pH条件下, 钛酸盐纳米管去除铅离子、铜离子和银离子的能力分别为599.37, 163.22和474.73 mg/g; CS2修饰的钛氧纳米管去除铅离子、铜离子和银离子的能力分别为663.37, 160.21和423.05 mg/g.     

甲醇羰基化制醋酸铱基催化剂的研究

摘要 醋酸是一种重要的化工原料，甲醇羰基化是目前生产醋酸的主要方法， 铱基催化剂是最有发展前景的甲醇羰基化反应制备醋酸的催化剂。介绍了铱基催化 剂体系的催化机理、速度影响因素，并与铑基催化剂进行了比较．     

负载型金属CO氧化催化体系的研究进展

本文结合近年来我们的研究工作以及国内外相关研究，概述了负载型金属CO氧化催化体系的研究进展，并进一步展望了今后的研究、发展方向以及应用前景。     

Study of CuO/Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 catalysts for low-temperature CO oxidation

Summary Copper oxide catalysts supported on Ce_0.8Zr_0.2O₂ were prepared via an impregnation method and characterized by XRD and H₂-TPR techniques. The catalytic activity of the samples for low-temperature CO oxidation was investigated by means of a microreactor-GC system. The influence of calcination temperature, calcination time and different CuO content on the catalytic activity was studied. TPR analysis indicated that well-dispersed CuO was responsible for the low-temperature CO oxidation. The results of the investigation showed that the calcination temperature and CuO loadings had larger influence than the calcination time.     

镁铝类水滑石的合成、表征及其催化丙酮缩合性能

采用共沉淀-水热法合成了一系列的类水滑石样品.用XRD、TEM等表征了合成样品的结构及表面形貌;用NH3-TPD、CO2-TPD测试样品表面酸碱性质,优化了镁铝水滑石的合成条件,重点考察了镁铝比对合成样品晶形的影响和样品表面酸碱性变化的规律,阐述了层板上原子配位分布的微观结构,以及不同镁铝比的类水滑石在催化丙酮缩合制备双丙酮醇反应中催化性能.